Understands two-digit numbers as tens and ones; count with dimes and pennies; two-digit addition with regrouping.

Note: The goal for this level goes beyond simply memorizing math facts. The goal is knowing the “breakaparts,” which means the paired values that compose a target number. For example, the breakaparts for the target 4 are: 0 and 4, 1 and 3, 2 and 2. Knowing breakaparts means knowing the component parts in any order. In other words, knowing that 2 and 3 or 3 and 2 are breakaparts for the target 5. Frequently developed fluent combinations at this level include doubles, first 6 and 6 for the target 12, then 7 and 7 for the target 14, 8 and 8 for the target 16, and 9 and 9 for the target 18. Also common are near doubles combination close to 10, such as 5 and 6 for the target 11. Finally are combinations in which 3 and 4 are the smaller parts of targets 11 and 12, such as 3 and 8 for the target 11 or 4 and 8 for the target 12.